Answers to the Literature exam for the 2018 high school exam

This morning, June 25, over 900,000 candidates nationwide took the Literature exam.

To be considered for high school graduation recognition, candidates studying the high school education program must take 4 exams, including 3 independent exams: Math, Literature, Foreign Language and 1 exam chosen by the candidate from 2 combined exams.

The Literature exam of the 2018 National High School Exam is divided into 2 parts, reading comprehension and writing. The reading comprehension part is divided into 4 questions, the writing part has 2 questions with a time limit of 120 minutes. The Ministry of Education and Training creates the exam according to the curriculum content, closely following the structure and level of the 2018 National High School Exam.

Below is the official 2018 National High School Literature exam of the Ministry of Education and Training.

Suggested answers for the 2018 National High School Literature Exam:

I. READING COMPREHENSION

Sentence 1. The poem is written in free verse.

Sentence 2. The natural potentials of the country mentioned in the poem: minerals in the mountains, treasures under the continental shelf, vast forests and alluvium of the rivers.

Question 3. Identify the rhetorical question used in the excerpt:

+ What do you think about the ground today?

+ The underground is rich but the surface is poor?

- State the effect of the rhetorical question: Arouse pride in the richness of the country's nature and the sense of responsibility of each of us in promoting and exploiting the country's potential to escape poverty, to build a prosperous life, to develop a strong and rich country.

Question 4. Students clearly explain the author's point of view expressed in the two verses and state their personal opinion on that issue. The answer should be brief, clearly stating the personal point of view, with convincing arguments.

- Explain the author's point of view: although our country is rich in resources, it is a strong and valuable potential for national development, but if we do not know how to take advantage of it, keep singing and being proud without working, do not have a way to awaken the potential, it will remain dormant, unable to help the country develop, and improve the lives of each citizen.

- State your personal opinion: Agree with the above opinion

Supplement: The country's resources, through many years of war, as well as due to poor human awareness, have been greatly depleted, and are no longer "golden forests and silver seas". Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to respect and have a reasonable way of exploiting, protecting the environment, and developing sustainably.

II. WRITING

Question 1 .

* Form requirements:

- Argumentative paragraph of about 200 words

- Clearly explain the issue to be discussed, argue tightly and convincingly, with appropriate evidence.

* Content requirements:

Students are allowed to express their own views on the issue, but they need to present them concisely, coherently and convincingly. The essay can be developed with the following main ideas:

- Problem explanation:

+ What is “national potential”: natural potential, human potential (tradition, history, culture, intelligence, physical strength, etc.)

+ What is the mission of awakening the country's potential?

- From there, it is affirmed that the mission of each individual is to contribute to awakening the potential and potential of the country to contribute to the country's growing development.

+ Potential is only in latent form, not yet realized, not directly contributing to development. Therefore, we must know how to awaken that potential.

+ How to awaken the country's potential: first of all, we must clearly understand the potentials we have, the strengths of nature and people in the context of current integration and development. From there, there are specific solutions and actions to exploit and reasonably use the country's potentials.

+ Awakening the country's potential is the common mission of every patriotic Vietnamese.

- Extended discussion:

+ Many of the country's resources are being exploited to the point of exhaustion without bringing high, stable, and long-term efficiency to the economy. Meanwhile, other potentials of the country, especially human potentials, the brainpower and intelligence of the Vietnamese people, are being wasted and "bleeding".

+ In the current context, human potential and resources are the source of strength to help develop the country.

- Lessons in awareness and action: knowing how to use resources economically, exploiting valuable resources effectively for sustainable development, at the same time each person needs to make efforts to study and practice to contribute to the country.

+ Awakening the country's potential is the common mission of every patriotic Vietnamese.

Sentence 2.

1. Formal requirements:

- Ensure the structure of the argumentative essay: The introduction introduces the problem, the body develops the problem, and the conclusion summarizes the problem.

- Ensure correct Vietnamese spelling, semantics and grammar.

2. Content requirements:

a. Correctly identify the issue to be discussed: the contrast between the beauty of the boat in the distance and the scene of violence in a fishing family (story "The Boat in the Distance" - Nguyen Minh Chau) and the connection with the contrast between the scene of the district town at night and the image of the train (story "Two Children" - Thach Lam).

b. Problem development

* Introduction

- Introducing writer Nguyen Minh Chau, work "The boat offshore".

- Introduce the contrast between the beauty of the boat in the distance and the scene of violence in the fishing family, related to the contrast between the scene of the district town at night and the image of the train (story "Two Children" - Thach Lam) to see the realistic perspective of the two authors.

* Body

- The contrast between the beauty of the boat in the distance and the scene of violence in the fishing family:

+ The beauty of the boat in the distance - a perfect beauty, a "heaven-sent scene": the bow of the boat printed a vague, blurred line into the milky white mist mixed with a bit of pink from the sunlight. Several adults and children sat still like statues on the curved roof, facing the shore, the simple, perfect beauty moved Phung, making him extremely happy.

+ Scene of violence in a fishing family: two ugly, rough men stepped out of the boat as it approached the shore; the man used a belt to repeatedly hit the woman's back, the woman just endured the humiliation; Phác - the son, rushed to grab the belt to hit his father to protect his mother and was slapped twice by the man; the mother hugged her child and cried.

=> It is the contrast between beauty and ugliness, good and evil, between the appearance and the inner nature of life's reality.

- The contrast between the scene of the town at night and the image of the train:

+ The scene of the district town at night: darkness and silence reign “the streets and alleys are filled with darkness”, “everything is dark, the road leading to the river is deep, the road through the market back to the alleys leading to the village is even darker”. In that scene filled with darkness, the residents of the district town appear small, flickering, struggling to make a living.

+ The image of the train: is a completely different world filled with light “the brightly lit carriages…”, sounds “the sound of the train screeching loudly on the tracks”, “the soft noise of passengers…”

=> It is the contrast between darkness and light, between quietness and liveliness, between sadness and noisy joy... thereby clearly showing the contrast between reality and dreams, further highlighting the poor, dark life of the people in the district town.

- Comments on the realistic views of the two authors:

+ Similarities: Both writers have a multi-faceted, multi-dimensional view of reality, in the contrasting relationships between beauty and ugliness, between darkness and light to see the depth of the picture of life's reality. From that profound view, readers can see the humanity of the writers.

+ Difference:

Nguyen Minh Chau: The reality of life always contains many complications, behind the beauty there can still be ugliness and evil. Artists should not just look at life from afar but must be attached to life to have a deep insight, understanding to be able to discover hidden beauty.

Thach Lam: Faced with the reality of a cramped, congested, and deadlocked life, people always strive for a more beautiful life. Through that perspective, the writer expresses his belief in humanity: no matter what the circumstances, people always have the desire to strive for many good things.

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